Effects of Cold Aqueous Jatropha tanjorensis Leaf Extract on Nutrient Digestibility and Blood Lipid Profile of Broiler Chicken
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Abstract
Introduction: Herbal feed additives in broiler chickens revealed their effects on growth performance and potential as an antibiotic alternative. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of cold aqueous Jatropha tanjorensis (J. tanjorensis) leaf extract on nutrient digestibility and lipid profile in broiler chickens reared in Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria.
Materials and methods: A total of 150 male Anak 2000, one-day-old broiler chickens, weighing 37 grams, were assigned to five treatments in a completely randomized design, with three replicates of ten chickens in each replicate. All chickens were provided with basal starter and finisher diets for eight weeks. The control group (T1) received Doxygen at a dosage of 150 g/200 L of water. The second group (T2) was administered 25 mL of cold aqueous leaf extract of J. tanjorensis (CALEJ) in 100 L of drinking water, while the third group (T3) received 50 mL of CALEJ/100 L of drinking water. The fourth group (T4) was given 75 mL of CALEJ/100 L of water, and the fifth group (T5) received 100 mL of CALEJ/100 L of water. Daily fecal samples were pooled and analyzed for apparent digestibility, while fresh blood samples were collected at the end of the experiment and analyzed for lipid profile. The present study lasted for 10 weeks.
Results: During the starter and finisher phases, T4 exhibited higher dry matter digestibility, whereas T5 demonstrated higher values in crude protein and fiber digestibility compared to the other treatment groups. Group T2 had the highest ether extract and nitrogen-free extract digestibility, while T3 exhibited the highest ash digestibility at the starter and finisher phases. Lipid profile evaluation revealed the lowest levels of cholesterol in T2, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in T3, and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and triglycerides in T4. Additionally, T4 exhibited the highest levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL).
Conclusion: The administration of 25-100 ml/L of CALEJ substantially enhanced nutrient digestibility and lipid profiles in broiler chickens, resulting in reductions of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and VLDL, whilst elevating HDL levels.
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