<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<doi_batch xmlns="http://www.crossref.org/schema/4.3.6" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jats="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/JATS1" xmlns:ai="http://www.crossref.org/AccessIndicators.xsd" xmlns:fr="http://www.crossref.org/fundref.xsd" version="4.3.6" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.crossref.org/schema/4.3.6 https://www.crossref.org/schemas/crossref4.3.6.xsd">
  <head>
    <doi_batch_id>_1757587480</doi_batch_id>
    <timestamp>20250911104440000</timestamp>
    <depositor>
      <depositor_name>Rovedar</depositor_name>
      <email_address>Daryoushbabazadeh@gmail.com</email_address>
    </depositor>
    <registrant>Rovedar</registrant>
  </head>
  <body>
    <journal>
      <journal_metadata>
        <full_title>Journal of World’s Poultry Science</full_title>
        <abbrev_title>J. World's Poult. Sci.</abbrev_title>
        <issn media_type="electronic">2980-7999</issn>
      </journal_metadata>
      <journal_issue>
        <publication_date media_type="online">
          <month>09</month>
          <day>01</day>
          <year>2025</year>
        </publication_date>
        <journal_volume>
          <volume>4</volume>
        </journal_volume>
        <issue>3</issue>
      </journal_issue>
      <journal_article xmlns:jats="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/JATS1" xmlns:ai="http://www.crossref.org/AccessIndicators.xsd" publication_type="full_text" metadata_distribution_opts="any">
        <titles>
          <title>Growth Performance and Carcass Traits of Broiler Chicken Fed on Diets Containing Rumen Filtrate Fermented by Cassava Meal</title>
        </titles>
        <contributors>
          <person_name contributor_role="author" sequence="first" language="en">
            <given_name>Gerald</given_name>
            <surname> Kizito</surname>
            <ORCID>https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2338-5446</ORCID>
          </person_name>
          <person_name contributor_role="author" sequence="additional" language="en">
            <given_name>Antony</given_name>
            <surname>Macharia Kingori</surname>
            <ORCID>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5529-7145</ORCID>
          </person_name>
          <person_name contributor_role="author" sequence="additional" language="en">
            <given_name>Fred</given_name>
            <surname>Kemboi</surname>
            <ORCID>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8776-9258</ORCID>
          </person_name>
        </contributors>
        <jats:abstract xmlns:jats="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/JATS1">
          <jats:p>Introduction: Maize serves as a primary energy source in poultry diets; however, rising human demands are reducing its sustainable usage, which has led to the search for more affordable alternatives such as cassava root meal. The present study evaluated key performance indicators, including feed intake, body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), dressing percentage, and carcass traits, in broiler chickens fed a diet of rumen filtrate-fermented cassava meal.Materials and methods: A total of 96 Ross 306 one-day-old broiler chickens of mixed sex, and an average weight of 45 ± 5 g, were fed in a 42-day experimental trial at the Tatoon farm of Egerton University, Nakuru, Kenya. The chickens were fed four diets with different inclusion levels of rumen-filtrate-fermented cassava root meal (RFFCM) as a replacement for maize. The control diet contained 0% RFFCM (T1), T2 contained 15% RFFCM, T3 contained 30% RFFCM, and T4 contained 45% RFFCM. Data on daily feed intake and weekly BWG were recorded during the experimental duration. At the end of the study, during the growing phase, data on live weight, carcass weight, and weights of the breast, thigh, wing, and dorsum were determined.Results: The current findings revealed that a high inclusion of RFFCM significantly reduced feed intake without substantially altering the FCR, BWG, and average daily weight gain of the chickens per treatment compared to the control group. The present findings indicated a similarity in nutrient utilization and performance among broilers fed on the four treatments. Broilers fed on diets with 45% RFFCM inclusion exhibited the highest mean live weight (2151.75 g) and carcass weight (1524.75 g), with higher thigh and breast weights compared to the control group.Conclusion: These findings indicated that RFFCM can be included in broiler diets up to 45% without detrimental effects on BWG, FCR, dressing percentage, and quality of the chicken carcass.</jats:p>
        </jats:abstract>
        <publication_date media_type="online">
          <month>09</month>
          <day>03</day>
          <year>2025</year>
        </publication_date>
        <pages>
          <first_page>63</first_page>
          <last_page>69</last_page>
        </pages>
        <fr:program name="fundref"/>
        <ai:program xmlns:ai="http://www.crossref.org/AccessIndicators.xsd" name="AccessIndicators">
          <ai:license_ref>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ai:license_ref>
        </ai:program>
        <doi_data>
          <doi>10.58803/jwps.v4i3.73</doi>
          <resource>https://jwps.rovedar.com/index.php/JWPS/article/view/73</resource>
          <collection property="crawler-based">
            <item crawler="iParadigms">
              <resource>https://jwps.rovedar.com/index.php/JWPS/article/download/73/97</resource>
            </item>
          </collection>
          <collection property="text-mining">
            <item>
              <resource mime_type="application/pdf">https://jwps.rovedar.com/index.php/JWPS/article/download/73/97</resource>
            </item>
          </collection>
        </doi_data>
        <citation_list>
          <citation key="2958">
            <doi>10.5713/ajas.14.0915</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2959">
            <doi>10.1101/2022.02.04.479097</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2960">
            <doi>10.1007/s11250-023-03579-3</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2961">
            <unstructured_citation>Food and agriculture organization (FAO) statistical yearbook. Food and agriculture organization of the United Nations. Rome; 2012. Available at: https://www.cnshb.ru/Vexhib/vex_tems/vex_201016/0255626X.pdf</unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2962">
            <doi>10.1080/23311932.2021.1917743</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2963">
            <unstructured_citation>Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS). 2019 Kenya population and housing census results. Nairobi: Kenya national bureau of statistics; 2019. Available at: https://www.knbs.or.ke/2019-kenya-population-and-housing-census-results/</unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2964">
            <doi>10.1186/s40066-021-00331-8</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2965">
            <doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0249371</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2966">
            <doi>10.3382/japr/pfz049</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2967">
            <doi>10.5772/intechopen.104677</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2968">
            <doi>10.5604/01.3001.0015.9185</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2969">
            <doi>10.1016/j.dib.2019.104279</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2970">
            <doi>10.18502/jfqhc.11.2.15651</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2971">
            <doi>10.11648/j.sjac.20190704.12</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2972">
            <doi>10.3390/plants13091186</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2973">
            <unstructured_citation>Maitha PM, Kamau S, Kimatu JN, and Hunja CW. An analysis of the hydrogen cyanide concentration in four cassava varieties grown in Lukenya University farm, Makueni County, Kenya. J Afr Interdiscip Stud. 2022; 6(11): 225-237. Available at: https://repository.seku.ac.ke/bitstream/handle/123456789/7180/Maitha_An%20analysis%20of%20the%20hydrogen%20cyanide....pdf?sequence=1</unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2974">
            <doi>10.3390/foods9020174</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2975">
            <doi>10.1016/j.psj.2022.102184</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2976">
            <doi>10.1128/AEM.01908-20</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2977">
            <doi>10.51791/njap.v48i6.3284</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2978">
            <doi>10.1007/s11274-022-03496-x</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2979">
            <doi>10.1007/s12010-022-03871-2</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2980">
            <doi>10.22271/veterinary.2025.v10.i3d.2137</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2981">
            <unstructured_citation>Jaetzold R, Schmidt H, Hornetz B, and Shisanya C. Farm management handbook of Kenya. Vol II. Natural conditions and farm management information. Part C: East Kenya (Eastern and Coast Provinces). Ministry of Agriculture, Kenya, in Cooperation with the German Agricultural Team (GAT) of the German Agency for Technical Cooperation (GTZ), 2006. p. 75-76. Available at: https://edepot.wur.nl/487561</unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2982">
            <unstructured_citation>ROSS. Broiler Nutrition supplement. 2025. Available at: https://aviagen.com/assets/Tech_Center/Ross_Broiler/Aviagen_Ross_BroilerNutritionSupplement.pdf</unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2983">
            <doi>10.21608/avmj.2024.304909.1307</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2984">
            <doi>10.1007/s11250-022-03207-6</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2985">
            <doi>10.1016/j.psj.2022.101838</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2986">
            <doi>10.3390/ani10050799</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2987">
            <doi>10.1002/jsfa.13737</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2988">
            <unstructured_citation>National research council (NRC). Nutrient requirements of poultry. 9th ed. Washington DC: National Academies Press; 1994. Available at: https://www.agropustaka.id/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/agropustaka.id_buku_Nutrient-Requirements-of-Poultry_Ninth-Revised-Edition-1994-NRC.pdf</unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2989">
            <unstructured_citation>ZJuan JJ. New generation feed enzymes on the production performance and microbiome of chicken. PHD thesis. University of Liverpool, U.K. 2024. Available at: https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3184961/7/201415615_Jun2024_edited_version.pdf</unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2990">
            <doi>10.9734/ajaar/2024/v24i9549</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2991">
            <doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0282418</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2992">
            <doi>10.51791/njap.v49i2.3474</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2993">
            <doi>10.3389/fvets.2022.997128</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2994">
            <unstructured_citation>Animashahun RA, Aro SO, Onibi GE, Agbede J, Alabi OO, Animashahun AP, et al. Utilization of solid-state fermented cassava peel leaf mix meal as a substitute for maize in broiler chickens’ diets: impact on growth performance, carcass indices, and lipid peroxidation. Asian J Res Anim Vet Sci. 2024; 7(4): 285-298. Available at: https://www.journalajravs.com/index.php/AJRAVS/article/view/313</unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2995">
            <unstructured_citation>Mwangi E. Cassava utilization in Kilifi and Taita Taveta counties and effects of inclusion of processed cassava peels in broiler diets on performance. Master thesis. University of Nairobi, Nairobi. 2023. Available at: https://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/164420</unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2996">
            <doi>10.3390/nu16173023</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2997">
            <unstructured_citation>Abu OA, Olaleru IF, and Omojola AB. Carcass characteristics and meat quality of broilers fed cassava peel and leaf meals as replacements for maize and soybean meal. IOSR J Agric Vet Sci. 2015; 8(3): 41-46. DOI: 10.9790/2380-08324146</unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2998">
            <doi>10.5398/tasj.2019.42.2.113</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="2999">
            <doi>10.3390/fermentation10050227</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="3000">
            <doi>10.1007/s11250-017-1457-7</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="3001">
            <doi>10.29393/CHJAAS38-12CIRM70012</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="3002">
            <doi>10.2141/jpsa.0130022</doi>
          </citation>
          <citation key="3003">
            <doi>10.5455/javar.2020.g417</doi>
          </citation>
        </citation_list>
      </journal_article>
    </journal>
  </body>
</doi_batch>
